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ObjectiveTo analyze the effectiveness and safety of clinical use of different types of stem cells to provide evidence for governmental supervision of key issues in clinical utilization of stem cells. MethodsSix literature databases in China and abroad were searched for relevant literature published from January 2010 to July 2020， and a systematic review was conducted. ResultsThe study showed 72 studies concerning the effectiveness and safety of different types of stem cells in clinical utilization. Although clinical utilization of stem cells had some therapeutic effects for certain diseases， their long-term effect and safety need to be further evaluated， especially their potential risk of tumorigenicity. ConclusionTo protect the patients’ interest， physicians should fully weigh the benefits against the risks of clinical utilization of stem cells， and relevant governmental departments should strengthen supervision of ethics of clinical research and therapies involving stem cells as well as supervision of stem cell products.
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Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China Biomedical Literature Database, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases for articles dated from the establishment of each database to March 2022. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.4 software. Results A total of 3970 patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer were enrolled in eight studies, including one randomized controlled trial, four retrospective studies, and three prospective studies. The patients were divided into the combined therapy group with 344 patients and the chemotherapy-only group with 3626 patients. Meta-analysis showed that the overall survival of patients in the combined therapy group was significantly higher than that in the chemotherapy-only group (OR=4.52; 95%CI: 2.63-7.77; P < 0.00001). However, no significant difference existed in the disease control rate between the combined therapy group and the chemotherapy-only group (OR=0.58; 95%CI: 0.02-18.74; P=0.76). Moreover, no significant difference existed in the disease progression between the two groups (OR=0.49; 95%CI: 0.23-1.02; P=0.06). The combination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and IRE had no significant effect on the incidence of adverse reactions of gastrointestinal reaction (OR=0.37; 95%CI: 0.10-1.34; P=0.13) and bone marrow suppression (OR=0.61; 95%CI: 0.26-1.40; P=0.24). Conclusion IRE combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy can remarkably improve the prognosis of patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer, and significantly prolong the overall survival.
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In this study we report on the electrodeposition of copper thiocynate (CuSCN) nanorod arrays on ITO substrate from an EDTA-chelated aqueous solution. Effects of molecule ratio of EDTA/Cu²âº and deposition time on the properties of CuSCN layers were studied. Results showed that films deposited from an electrolyte with low EDTA amounts were consisted of densely packed nano-crystals, while films deposited with high molecule ratios of EDTA/Cu²âº (>0.5) were composed of homogeneous nanorods with their (001) plane perpendicular to the substrate. Further time-dependent study showed that the formation of CuSCN nanorods was initiated at the very beginning of potential application and no intermediate or transitional products were detected during the electrochemical process. Optical analysis showed that films of CuSCN nanorods with a thickness of 100400 nm had good optical quality, and exhibited the fundamental absorption edge at 320 nm.
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Objective To explore the effect of mental nursing intervention on gastric cancer with liver metastasis patients treated with TACE sequential chemotherapy.Methods Sixty four gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis,no hopes of accepting operations,were included.All patients were divided into control group (32 cases) and observation group (32 cases).The former received routine nursing care and the later received extra mental nursing intervention.The anxiety,depression and quality of life in both groups were evaluated and compared.Results After extra mental nursing intervention,the SDS and SAS scores of the observation group [(41.6 ± 1.8) points and (41.6 ± 2.3) points] were significantly lower than those of the control group [(50.9 ± 1.9) points and (53.0 ± 3.5) points,P =0.040,P =0.036,respectively].The quality of life scores,including the physiological function,body pain,general self rating,vitality,social function,emotional function and mental health score were (45.26 ± 38.26)points vs (35.17 ± 33.65) points (P =0.044),(71.98 ± 17.36) points vs (63.01 ± 18.41) points (P =0.039),(55.59 ± 12.78) points vs (49.67 ± 12.43) points (P =0.048),(74.82 ± 14.23) points vs (55.61 ± 10.58) points (P =0.027),(75.47 ± 12.15) points vs (57.22 ± 14.78) points (P =0.031),(70.24 ± 22.00) points vs (45.92 ± 34.76) points (P =0.004),(78.31 ± 19.11) points vs (67.23 ± 11.96) points (P =0.037),respectively,the scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The extra mental nursing intervention on gastric cancer with liver metastasis patients,treated with TACE sequential chemotherapy,can not reduce the patients'negative mood,improve the patients'compliance with chemotherapy and the confidence to treatment,but improve the quality of patients'life effectively.
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Objective:The process of myocardial infarction is generally characterized by the activation of host immune cells and the occurrence of inflammation. However, it is unknown which immune cells are preferentially activated and participated into the progression of myocardial infarction. Methods:A total of 55 patients with myocardial ischemia including 13 of stable angina ( SA) ,25 of unstable angina (UA) and 17 of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) as well as 12 of healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in the study. The frequency and the immune activation marker CD38 expression by peripheral CD3 T cells,CD4 T cells,CD8 T cells,CD4+NKT cells, CD4- NKT cells, CD3-CD56+ NK cells and B cells were comprehensively analyzed. Results:There was no significant difference in the frequencies of these immune cell subsets in peripheral blood among these four groups. Importantly,it was found that CD38 expression was significantly increased on CD8 T cells,NKT cells and NK cells in patients with acute coronary syndromes ( ACS) including UA and AMI patients as compared with those in SA and HC subjects. These data indicated that multiple immune cells were activated in ACS patients,which were possibly participated into the pathogenesis of ACS. Conclusion:The activation of multiple immune cells was closely associated with the progression and outcome in ACS patients. This study provides immune hyper-activation mechanism underlying the development of ACS and may favor for finding a novel immune marker to predict the progression of ACS.
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Objective To retrospectively analyze the effect and safety of bilateral stereotactic radiofrequency amygdalohippocampectomy (SAHE) for treatment of bilateral medial temporal lobe epilepsy (BMTLE). Methods Twelve BMTLE patients were treated with bilateral SAHE under limited coagulations. Clinical parameters were evaluated with the programs of Engel′s classification, Liverpool Seizure Severity Scale (LSSS) 2.0, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) and Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R), respectively. Results Five patients (42%) were assessed as EngelⅠwith 12 ~ 62-month follow-up. Seizure severity scores were declined sharply compared with the baseline of the patients with out seizure free. Function of memory and intelligence was transiently declined without statistical significance immediately after operation (P >0.05), but was significantly increasedat 6 months after operation (P < 0.05). Conclusion Bilateral SAHE could terminate seizures or reduce seizure severity in patients with BMTLE. Under the circumstance of limited coagulations, neuropsychological function was improved along with seizure control.
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OBJECTIVE: To identify long-term outcomes and safety of transplantation of autologous peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) for treating dilated cardiomyopathy.METHODS: A total of 38 cases with dilated cardiomyopathy received treatment at the Department of Cardiology, Guangdong General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, were selected, including 26 males and 12 females, aged 42-72 years, mean aged 56 years. Based on given standard therapy, 38 patients divided randomly into the transplantation group (n=20) and the control group (n=18). Patients in the transplantation group were received recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) 300 ug/d once per day for 5 days to mobilize stem cells. At day 6, PBSC were collected with blood-cells separator and were transplanted through intracoroary way. The routine medication was performed in the control group. Blood routine test, hepatic function, renal function, glucose, triglyeride (TG), cholesterol, low density cholesterol (C-LDL), high density cholest- erol (C-HDL), uric acid (UA), creatine kinase (CK), isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured before and at months 6 and 12 after transplantation. All patients also received ultrasonic echocardiography, ECG Holter monitor and six-minute-walk test before and at 12 and 24 months after the procedure. Survival rate and incidence rate of heart incidents were compared. The study end-point was death from any cause. RESULTS: All patients received a 12-24 month follow-up with mean (18±6) months. One patient in the transplantation group received mitral valve replacement. One patient of the transplantation group and 2 of the control group died due to refractory heart failure. The blood routine test and biochemical indicators of the transplantation group had no significant differences among 6 months and 12 months after transplantation compared with control and pre-transplantation (P > 0.05). Six-minute-walking distance in the transplantation group significantly increased at 12 months after transplantation than pre-transplantation level, which was also higher than that of control patients (P < 0.05). The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was increased (P < 0.01). The left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVDd) decreased significantly in the transplantation group (P < 0.01). In the control group, improvement in LVEF and LVDd were observed, but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). After 24 months of follow-up, the above-mentioned indexes had not improved in the transplantation group without significant differences. No malignant arrhythmias and severe side effects could be observed around transplantation and during 24 months follow-up. Survival was similar between the two groups during 24 months follow. CONCLUSION: Transplantation of mobilized autologous PBSC might be a safe and effective method for the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy, which may improve the ventricular systolic function in a short-term, however, the long-term effects still uncertain.
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AIM：To investigate the role of NF-κB in the activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF α) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in endothelial cells and effect of antioxidant on the induction of iNOS. METHODS：Rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell (RPMEC) was cultured and the cells were identified with antiendothelial cell antibody CD31 using immunohistochemistry(ABC). The concentration of nitrite in the culture media was determined based on Griess reaction. iNOS mRNA was analyzed using RT-PCR and Northern blot. NF-κB in cell nuclei was detected with electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA). RESULTS：A marked production of nitrite in RPMECs was found after 24 hours treatment with TNF α(105 U/L) and LPS (1 mg/L) (P＜0.01). The level of iNOS mRNA increased significantly after adding TNF α(105 U/L) and LPS (1 mg/L) to the cell media for 2 hours (P＜0.05). Pretreatment with cycloheximide (CHX, 10 mg/L) or antioxidant, PDTC (0.1 mmol/L) or NAC (20 mmol/L) significantly decreased nitrite production and iNOS mRNA expression induced by TNF α(105 U/L) and LPS (1 mg/L) (P＜0.05). Furthermore, there was a dose-effect relationship between PDTC/NAC and inhibitory effect. TNF α (105 U/L) and LPS (1 mg/L) triggered the activation and translocation of NF-κB. This effect was blocked by adding PDTC (0.1 mmol/L) or NAC (20 mmol/L) to the cell media for 1.5 hours.CONCLUSION：1.TNFα and LPS may induce iNOS gene expression at transcriptional or posttranscriptional level. The upregulation of iNOS depends on new protein synthesis. 2. The induction of iNOS gene expression by TNFα and LPS is dependent on the activation of NF-κB. 3. Antioxidants may inhibit the induction of iNOS gene through the inhibition of NF-κB activation.
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Microvascular endothelial cell (MVEC) is one of the target cells of TNFα (TNF effect). The dysfunction of MVEC induced by TNF plays an important role in some cardio-cerebral vascular diseases. ① Cell proliferation kinetic: Using flow cytometry, we found cell count ［(4.30±0.34)×107／L)］ in TNF group (4×105 U/L) was obviously less than that in control ［(5.23±0.50)×107／L, P＜0.01］. The cells of G1 phase were more than those of the control, while the cells of G2, S and M phase became less (P＜0.05). ② Coagulant and anticoagulant: 72 h after MVEC cultued in the media, the content of 6-keto-PGF1α (RIA) and activity of PAI decreased significantly in TNF (4×105 U/L) group (P＜0.01, vs control). The difference between TXB2 content and t-PA activity in groups was not significant (P＞0.05). ③ Adhesive molecule: The effect of low concentration TNF (＜4×105 U/L) on adhesion between cultured MVEC and leukocytes was not signficant, but when the concentration of TNF reached 8×105 U/L or more, 12 h after culture the adhesion rate between MVEC and neutrophil increased 30.8%±4.5%. If adding monoclonal antibody of ICAM-1/CD11 into media, the adhesion rate of leukocytes decreased significantly (from 31.2% to 63.4%). ④ NO: The level of nitrite in culture media (Griess reaction) was higher than that of control (P＜0.05) after pretreatment of TNF (2×106 U/L) for 6 h. Adding L-NMMA, Dexamethasone or Cycloheximide in media could block the increase of nitrite induced by TNF, while L-Arg could enhance it. The expression of iNOS mRNA of PMVEC increased significantly after treated with TNF (2×106 U/L) for 24 h (quantitative RT/PCR). Pretreatment with Dexamethasone or Cycloheximide could block the increase (P＜0.05). Meanwhile, the expression of eNOS mRNA decreased significantly compared with control, the decrease can be blocked by Cycloheximide but not by Dexamethasone. So that TNF can induce the expression of iNOS mRNA in PMVEC, but inhibited the expression of eNOS mRNA. NO production in PMVEC can be time-dependently induced by TNF. ⑤ Apoptosis: Adding high concentration TNF(＞1.2×106 U/L) in culture media for 12 h can induce apoptosis of PMVEC with electron microscopy, flow cytometry (PI/AnnexinV stain), TUNEL and DNA ladder eletrophoresis. Meanwhile, expression of apoptosis-associated gene Bcl-2 mRNA decreased and that of Fas mRNA increased (Northern blot). The expression of FADD, caspase 3 and caspase 8 enhanced too. So that signal of apoptosis induced by TNF may be transmitted following the cascade of Fas→FADD→caspase8→caspase3. In conclusion, it should be paid attention to metabolism inability and dysfunction induced by TNF which can not found easyily using light microscope. High concentration TNF can induce apoptosis of endothelial cells regulated by apoptosis-associated genes. The changes mentioned above are common pathway in pathogenesis of some diseases related to TNF.
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Glioma is the commonest intracranial tumor,and it accounts for almost half of intracranial tumors. Because the growth of most gliomas is invasive and operation results are not satisfactory,sometimes radiotherapies are necessary. Since the early years of last century, brachytherapy has been developing very fast along with inventions of new medical equipments. After 1980s,125I seeds have been widely used in many countries and partly replaced routine radiotherapies because of their good therapy results. 125I-seed-brachytherapy has already become an important treatment for brain gliomas. This article reviewed the present situation of brain gliomas treated by 125I seeds.
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Objective:To determine the proper dosage of ~(125)I seed for brachytherapy of malignant glioma.Methods: C6 malignant glioma cell line was implanted subcontaneously in 24 female BALB/c nude mice and mice were allowed to grow till the diameter of the tumor reached 11 mm(7 ml),and then the mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group(without therapy),blank seed group,0.4 mCi(14.8 MBq) ~(125)I seed group and 0.8 mCi(29.6 MBq) ~(125)I seed group(seeds in the latter 3 groups were implanted into the center of the tumor).The growth of the tumor was observed and the growth curve was drawn.Mice were then killed and tumor specimen was obtained for H-E staining.Cell apoptosis was observed with flow cytometry and the expression of p53 protein was dectected with immunohistochemical method.Results: The tumor volume of 0.4mCi group was smaller than those of control group and blank seed group(P
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Object To set up the quantitative method of baicalin in Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) by RP HPLC and to determine the change of baicalin contents in decoctions prepared from various combinations of GQD. Methods By L 8(2 7) orthogonal design and statistics analysis (SPSS10 0), eight decoctions with Radix Scutellariae either alone or incombination with one or more of the other three components were prepared or analyzed. Contents of baicalin in them were determined by RP HPLC. Results It was significant (P0 05) and interactions between two of three were insignificant either. In this experiment, the sedimentation was found in the decoctions contained Radix Scutellariae and Rhizoma Coptidis. Conclusion The content of baicalin is reduced by Radix Puerariae and Rhizoma Coptidis, The resolution of baicalin is not increased by Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata. Maybe the change of pH leads to the sedimentation in decoctions contained Radix Scutellariae and Rhizoma Coptidis.
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Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprints of Radix Glycyrrhizae. Methods The RP-HPLC method was used, Zorbax SB C_ 18 column (250 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) was employed; the acetonitrile-1.2% acetic acid (gradient elution) was used as mobile phase, analytic time was 70 min, and detective wavelength was at 254 nm. Results The HPLC fingerprints of Radix Glycyrrhizae were set up. The result showed that 38 peaks were common in different sources. The results of method validation met technical standard of fingerprints. Conclusion The method is stable and reliable with a good reproducibility and provides a reference standard for the quality control of Radix Glycyrrhizae.
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Object To set up the quantitative method of amygdalin in decoctions prepared from various combinations of the recipe named Mahuang Decoction by HPLC and to determine the change of amygdalin contents in different decoctions and study the influence of compatibility on the contents of amygdalin in decoctions. Methods By L 8(27) orthogonal design and statistic analysis (SPSS 10.0), eight decoctions with Semen Armeniacae Amarum were prepared and analyzed, their amygdalin contents were determined by HPLC. Results The method was simple, accurate, and sensitive and was not interfered by other constituents in the prescription, it can be used to determine the contents of amygdalin in Mahuang Decoction. Influence of Herba Ephedrae, Ramulus Cinnamomin, and Radix Glycyrrhizae on the contents of amygdalin in decoctions were insignificant. Interactions between two of three separately were insignificant too. Conclusion The content of amygdalin in Mahuang Decoction is not markedly influenced by Herba Ephedrae, Ramulus Cinnamomin, and Radix Glycyrrhizae.
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Object To set up the quantitative method for determining the puerarin in Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) by RP-HPLC and to study the change of puerarin contents in various combinations of GQD. Methods L 8(2 7) orthogonal design and statistic analysis (SPSS 10.0) were used, the puerarin contents in the samples were determined by HPLC. Results Influence of Radix Scutellaria, Rhizoma Coptidis and Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata on the puerarin content in GQD was insignificant. And interactions between two of three were insignificant too. In this experiment, puperarin in the sedimentation was found in the compatible decoction of Rhizoma Coptidis and Radix Puerariae. Conclusion The puerarin content is not markedly influenced by Radix Scutellaria, Rhizoma Coptidis and Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata. Maybe, the change of pH is relevant to the sedimentation in the compatible decoction contained Rhizoma Coptidis. and Radix Puerariae
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AIM:To investigate the role of nuclear factor ?B (NF ?B) in the induction of iNOS gene by TNF? and LPS in endothelial cells and the effect of antioxidant on the induction of iNOS. METHODS:Nitrite was determined based on Griess reaction. iNOS mRNA was analyzed using Northern blot. NF ?B in the cell nucleole was detected with electrophoretic mobility shift assay.RESULTS:(1)NO production and iNOS mRNA expression induced by LPS and TNF? was blocked by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(PDTC) or N-acetylcysteine(NAC). (2)LPS and TNF? triggered the activation and translocation of NF ?B, and PDTC or NAC inhibited the activation of NF ?B induced by LPS and TNF?.CONCLUSIONS:(1)The induction of iNOS gene by TNF? and LPS is dependent on the activation of NF ?B.(2)Antioxidants may inhibit the induction of iNOS gene through the inhibition of NF ?B activation.
